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TokenLend

TokenLend is a decentralized lending platform that enables SMEs in emerging markets to access stablecoin loans using their real-world assets (RWA) as collateral.

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描述

TokenLend is a decentralized lending platform that enables SMEs in emerging markets to access stablecoin loans using their real-world assets (RWA) as collateral. By combining blockchain technology with AI-powered asset valuation, TokenLend bridges the gap between physical assets and digital finance.

The Problem

  • 700+ million SMEs globally struggle to access affordable credit

  • Banks require extensive documentation and formal collateral

  • $5.2 trillion credit gap in emerging markets (IFC, 2021)

  • Physical assets (phones, equipment, inventory) sit idle as untapped liquidity

  • Traditional lending lacks transparency and fair risk assessment

Our Solution

TokenLend allows SMEs to:

  1. Upload real-world assets (phones, laptops, machinery, vehicles)

  2. Get instant valuation through AI-powered assessment

  3. Receive tokenized collateral as ERC-721 NFTs

  4. Access stablecoin loans (USDT) up to safe LTV limits

  5. Repay flexibly and unlock collateral

  6. Build credit history on-chain for future access

Lenders benefit from:

  • Transparent risk scoring via AI assessment

  • Verifiable collateral through tokenized assets

  • Secure lending with automated liquidation

  • Attractive returns through competitive interest rates

  • Global opportunities without geographic barriers

🎯 Key Features

For Borrowers (SMEs)

🖼️ Asset Tokenization

  • Upload photos of real-world assets

  • AI analyzes condition, authenticity, and value

  • Mint ERC-721 NFT representing asset ownership

  • Collateral locked on-chain during loan period

💰 Flexible Borrowing

  • Request loans up to asset's Loan-to-Value (LTV) limit

  • Choose loan duration and interest rate

  • stablecoin support (USDT)

  • Transparent fee structure (no hidden costs)

📊 Dashboard & Tracking

  • View all active and past loans

  • Track repayment progress

  • Monitor collateral status

  • Build on-chain credit history

🔓 Collateral Management

  • Repay anytime to unlock assets

  • Automatic collateral release on full repayment

  • Grace period before liquidation

  • Notifications for payment dues

For Lenders

🔍 Browse Investment Opportunities

  • Explore available loan requests

  • Filter by asset type, LTV, interest rate

  • View detailed AI valuation reports

  • Assess borrower risk scores

🛡️ Secure Lending

  • Collateral locked in smart contracts

  • Automated interest accrual

  • Liquidation rights after default + grace period

  • Multi-stablecoin investment options

📈 Portfolio Management

  • Track all funded loans

  • Monitor repayment status

  • View earnings and interest accrued

  • Diversify across asset types

🤖 AI-Powered Risk Assessment

  • GPT-4 Vision analyzes asset images

  • Condition scoring (mint to poor)

  • Damage detection and red flags

  • Market price estimation

🏗️ Architecture

Technology Stack

Blockchain Layer

  • Network: Mantle (Layer 2, low fees, high throughput)

  • Smart Contracts: Solidity 0.8.20

  • Standards: ERC-721 (Asset NFTs), ERC-20 (Stablecoins)

  • Security: OpenZeppelin, ReentrancyGuard, SafeERC20

AI & Backend

  • AI Engine: OpenAI GPT-4 Vision API

  • Backend: Node.js, Express.js

  • Database: MongoDB (user profiles, KYC, valuations)

  • Authentication: JWT + Web3 wallet signatures

  • Storage: IPFS (asset images, metadata)

Frontend

  • Framework: Next.js 15 (React 19, TypeScript)

  • Styling: Tailwind CSS v3

  • Web3: wagmi v3, RainbowKit, viem, ethers v6

  • State Management: Zustand

  • UI: Custom component library with glass morphism design

System Flow

1. ASSET UPLOAD & VALUATION
   Borrower uploads asset photos
          ↓
   Backend stores on IPFS
          ↓
   GPT-4 Vision analyzes images
          ↓
   Returns: condition, value, LTV
          ↓
   Smart contract mints Asset NFT

2. LOAN REQUEST
   Borrower creates loan request
          ↓
   Specifies: principal, rate, duration
          ↓
   Smart contract validates against LTV
          ↓
   Loan posted to marketplace

3. LOAN FUNDING
   Lender browses requests
          ↓
   Reviews AI valuation & terms
          ↓
   Funds loan with stablecoins
          ↓
   Asset NFT locked as collateral
          ↓
   Funds transferred to borrower

4. REPAYMENT
   Borrower makes payments
          ↓
   Interest calculated on-chain
          ↓
   Smart contract tracks balance
          ↓
   On full repayment: Asset NFT unlocked

5. DEFAULT & LIQUIDATION
   Payment overdue + grace period passed
          ↓
   Lender initiates liquidation
          ↓
   Asset NFT transferred to lender
          ↓
   Lender can claim physical asset

🔐 Smart Contracts

AssetToken.sol (ERC-721)

Tokenizes real-world assets as NFT collateral.

Key Functions:

  • mintAsset() - Create NFT with AI valuation metadata

  • lockAsset() - Lock collateral when loan funded

  • unlockAsset() - Release collateral on repayment

  • getMaxLoanAmount() - Calculate max borrowable based on LTV

Asset Metadata:

struct Asset {
    string assetType;        // "phone", "laptop", "car", etc.
    uint256 aiValuation;     // AI-estimated value (USD, scaled)
    uint256 maxLTV;          // Max loan-to-value ratio (basis points)
    uint256 createdAt;       // Timestamp
    address borrower;        // Asset owner
    bool isLocked;           // Collateral status
    uint256 loanId;          // Associated loan ID (if locked)
}

LoanManager.sol

Manages full loan lifecycle from creation to settlement.

Key Functions:

  • createLoan() - Borrower initiates loan request

  • fundLoan() - Lender provides capital

  • makeRepayment() - Borrower pays principal + interest

  • liquidateLoan() - Seize collateral on default

Loan Structure:

struct Loan {
    uint256 loanId;
    address borrower;
    address lender;
    uint256 assetTokenId;    // Collateral NFT
    uint256 principal;       // Loan amount
    uint256 interestRate;    // Annual rate (basis points, e.g., 1000 = 10%)
    uint256 duration;        // Loan term (seconds)
    uint256 startTime;       // Funding timestamp
    uint256 totalRepayment;  // Principal + interest
    uint256 amountRepaid;    // Cumulative payments
    LoanStatus status;       // Active, Repaid, Liquidated
    address stablecoin;      // USDT/USDC/MNT address
}

Interest Calculation:

  • Simple interest: (principal × rate × duration) / (10000 × 365 days)

  • Pro-rated for custom durations

  • No compounding

Security Features:

  • ReentrancyGuard on all financial functions

  • Ownable for admin controls

  • SafeERC20 for token transfers

  • Transfer prevention on locked NFTs

  • 7-day grace period before liquidation

🤖 AI Valuation Engine

How It Works

  1. Image Analysis

    • Borrower uploads 1-5 photos of asset

    • Images stored on IPFS

    • GPT-4 Vision processes images

  2. Assessment Criteria

    • Authenticity: Matches user-provided model/brand?

    • Condition: Physical state (scratches, damage, wear)

    • Functionality: Working condition (if visible)

    • Red Flags: Stock photos, mismatched descriptions

  3. Condition Scoring

    • 1.0 = Mint/New (perfect, no wear)

    • 0.9-0.95 = Excellent (minimal wear, like new)

    • 0.8-0.89 = Good (light wear, fully functional)

    • 0.6-0.79 = Fair (moderate wear, cosmetic damage)

    • 0.4-0.59 = Poor (heavy wear, visible damage)

    • <0.4 = Very Poor (severe damage, questionable functionality)

  4. Value Estimation

    • Cross-reference market price APIs

    • Apply depreciation based on age

    • Adjust for condition score

    • Conservative valuation approach

  5. LTV Calculation

    • Asset value × condition score × safety margin

    • Typical LTV: 50-70% depending on asset type

    • Lower LTV for higher-risk categories

AI Response Format

{
  "matches": true,
  "detectedModel": "iPhone 14 Pro 128GB",
  "detectedBrand": "Apple",
  "physicalCondition": "excellent",
  "conditionScore": 0.92,
  "damageNotes": ["minor scratch on bottom edge"],
  "confidence": 0.94,
  "redFlags": [],
  "isStockPhoto": false,
  "estimatedValue": 850.00,
  "maxLoanAmount": 595.00,
  "recommendedLTV": 70
}

Multi-Currency Lending

  • Borrowers specify preferred stablecoin

  • Lenders can fund in any supported currency

  • Exchange rate handled off-chain if needed

  • All contracts store values in smallest unit (wei)

Fiat Off-Ramp (Future)

  • Partner with local exchanges for NGN conversion

  • Enable cash withdrawals in emerging markets

  • Maintain stablecoin backing on-chain

User Experience

Borrower Journey

  1. Connect wallet

  2. Click "Borrow" in navbar

  3. Upload asset photos

  4. View AI valuation

  5. Set loan terms

  6. Submit request

  7. Wait for funding

  8. Receive stablecoins

  9. Make repayments

  10. Reclaim collateral

Lender Journey

  1. Connect wallet

  2. Click "Lend" in navbar

  3. Browse loan marketplace

  4. Review asset details

  5. Check AI assessment

  6. Fund selected loan

  7. Track repayments

  8. Earn interest

  9. (If default) Claim collateral

Dashboard Features

Borrower Dashboard

  • Active loans overview

  • Total borrowed & repaid

  • Payment schedules

  • Collateral status

  • Quick action buttons

Lender Dashboard

  • Available opportunities

  • Funded loan portfolio

  • Total invested & earned

  • Interest tracking

  • Performance metrics

🔒 Security & Trust

Smart Contract Security

  • Audited Patterns: OpenZeppelin battle-tested libraries

  • Reentrancy Protection: NonReentrant modifier on all state-changing functions

  • Access Control: Role-based permissions (Ownable)

  • Safe Math: Built-in overflow protection (Solidity 0.8+)

  • Token Safety: SafeERC20 for all transfers

Risk Mitigation

For Lenders:

  • Collateral exceeds loan value (LTV < 100%)

  • AI-verified asset authentication

  • Automatic liquidation mechanism

  • Grace period for borrower emergencies

  • On-chain transparency

For Borrowers:

  • No credit check required

  • Fair AI-based valuation

  • Flexible repayment terms

  • Collateral returned on completion

  • Privacy-preserving design

KYC & Compliance

  • Optional KYC for larger loans

  • Document verification

  • AML screening

  • Regulatory compliance framework

  • User data encryption

🌍 Impact & Use Cases

Target Users

Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs)

  • Retail shop owners

  • Manufacturers

  • Service providers

  • Freelancers

  • Gig economy workers

Geographic Focus

  • Nigeria (primary)

  • Sub-Saharan Africa

  • Southeast Asia

  • Latin America

  • Emerging markets globally

Real-World Scenarios

Example 1: Phone Shop Owner (Nigeria)

  • Owns 20 smartphones worth $10,000

  • Needs $6,000 for inventory restocking

  • Uploads phones → AI values at $10,500

  • Gets loan of $6,000 (60% LTV) at 15% APR for 60 days

  • Repays $6,150 after selling inventory

  • Unlocks phones, expands business

Example 2: Tailor (Kenya)

  • Owns industrial sewing machine worth $2,000

  • Needs $1,200 for fabric purchase

  • Uploads machine → AI values at $1,950

  • Gets loan of $1,200 (62% LTV) at 12% APR for 45 days

  • Repays $1,218 after completing orders

  • Unlocks machine, continues operations

Example 3: Delivery Driver (Philippines)

  • Owns motorcycle worth $3,500

  • Needs $2,000 for vehicle maintenance

  • Uploads motorcycle → AI values at $3,400

  • Gets loan of $2,000 (59% LTV) at 18% APR for 30 days

  • Repays $2,030 after working

  • Unlocks motorcycle, back to earning

技术栈

Solidity
Ethers
Next
Web3
Node
队长
DDaniel Akinsanya
Github

Github 关联

https://github.com/dannyy2000/tokenLend
赛道
DeFiNFTRWA